Paradigm of problem-based learning in the advanced model of higher education

Abstract

Basic scientific ideas are analyzed and systematized, related with the essence and content of problem-based learning as a method for implementing an important task of higher school teaching to foster a student who is knowledgeable, professional, able to effectively design and implement effective solutions to the problems, select the required resources and technology, constantly improve his/her skills, monitor trends in the industry, acquire and apply new skills. The above skills cannot be fostered unless the education process does not involve the organized cognitive activities based on the skills to identify the problem, control information flows acquire the necessarv knowledge critical to interpretation and applications of the acquired information. Such cognitive activities can be organized by problem-based teaching method.

The purpose of this study is to review and systematize teach i ng practices and applications of problem-based learning in modern higher school that requires paradigmatic change.

New education standards need to be introduced in the education process to help students acquire basic and professional competencies. The expected result of the education which is professional competence requires inclusion in the education process of active education methods and technologies based on activity approach and improvement of practical training The main objective of the advanced higher education is to equip a future professional with the effective method for creative transformation of the world. The process of creative transformation involves efforts at discovering new objects, knowledge, problems and methods for the problem solutions; learning that the process of creative transformation is a process of solving nonstandard scientific and education tasks by unconventional methods. Problem-based learning changes the motivation of cognitive activities, with student s interest in learning being caused by the nature of problem, and streamlines the students ' mental effort at searching for and finding solutions to a problematic task or a set of tasks. The student’s interest turns into a factor intensifying the education process and the learning efficiency. Cognitive motivation encourages people to develop their capacities and inclinations.